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www.gyaniversity.com174Managerial Processes-IITheories of MotivationContent Theories and Process TheoriesContent Theories: Identify specific motivating factors. Process Theories: Understand processes influencing behavior.Maslow%u2019s Hierarchy of Needs:Motivated by a hierarchy of needs: physiological, safety, social, esteem, selfactualization.McGregor%u2019s Theory X and Theory YTheory X: Assumes employees dislike work. Theory Y: Assumes employees can be selfmotivated.Herzberg%u2019s TwoFactor TheoryHygiene Factors: Cause dissatisfaction if not addressed. Motivators: Drive job satisfaction.McClelland%u2019s Theory of Needs: Focus on need for achievement, power, and affiliation.Vroom%u2019s Expectancy Theory: Motivation is a function of expectation that leads to performance and reward. Formula: Motivation=Valence%u00d7Expectancy%u00d7InstrumentalitySkinner%u2019s BehaviouristTheory: Use of reinforcements to shape behavior.Likert%u2019s EmployeeCentredApproach: Advocates for a supportive model to increase productivity.Argyris%u2019s Theory: Treat employees as mature adults seeking autonomy.Did you know? You can get longer, well organized, comprehensive notes with Gyani AI%u2019s Lesson Notes Generator. It%u2019s the easiest way to revise more in less time.