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www.gyaniversity.com169MMPC001: Management Functions and Organisational ProcessesPoor Leadership: Leads to increased turnover, poor morale, and decreased performance. Leadership Theories:1. Trait TheoryDescription: Focuses on personal characteristics linked to successful leadership. Traits Classified: Physical: Age, height, weight. Background: Education, experience. Intelligence: Ability, judgment. Personality: Aggressiveness, selfconfidence. Taskoriented: Achievement needs, initiative. Social: Supervisory ability, cooperativeness. Considerations: Traits alone cannot predict success; interactions and situations matter. 2. Group and Exchange TheoriesConcept: Leadership involves a positive exchange where leaders provide rewards for followers' support. Impact: Increases respect, satisfaction, and performance among followers. 3. Social Learning TheoriesConcept: Leadership is a reciprocal interaction between leader, followers, and environment. Details: Ongoing interactions influence behavioursand group dynamics. 4. Managerial Grid TheoryFocus: Balance between taskoriented and personoriented leadership. Grid Explanation:(9,1): High task, low people concern. (1,9): High people, low task concern. (1,1): Low concern for both. (5,5): Moderate concern for both. (9,9): High concern for both, most effective. 5. Servant LeadershipPhilosophy: Leaders prioritize serving followers, enhancing their wellbeing.