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www.gyaniversity.com116Managerial Processes-IImpact on Training and Development: Enhances employee skills and knowledge for efficient job performance. Promotes employee satisfaction and retention through career development investment.Directing:Definition and Function: Managerial process of guiding, counselling, instructing, leading, inspiring, and overseeing people to achieve organizational goals. Integrates all managerial functions like staffing, organizing, and planning.Principles of DirectingMaximum Individual Contribution: Motivates employees to perform to their fullest potential. Agreement of Objectives: Maintains harmony between employee and organizational objectives to prevent conflicts. Unification of Command: Ensures subordinates receive instructions from only one supervisor to avoid confusion. Relevant Technique of Direction: Utilizes appropriate techniques based on employee attitudes, abilities, and situational factors.Elements of DirectingOrders and Instructions: Basic tools for task completion; can be formal/informal, general/specific. Supervision: Overseeing daytoday work, providing guidance, and facilitating plan execution through interaction. Motivation: Encourages the achievement of objectives by addressing dynamic needs and mobilizing resources. Leadership: Influences others to perform as expected, building trust and enthusiasm. Communication: Ensures clear understanding of instructions through encoding, messaging, decoding, feedback, and managing noise.Use of Informal Organization: Recognizes and utilizes informal groups within formal organizations to enhance information flow and growth.FollowUp: Monitoring adherence to policies and instructions is crucial; modifications are made based on feedback to correct deviations from expected performance.