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www.gyaniversity.com146Managerial Processes-IIAnalysis of Deviations: All deviations are analysedto determine their causes: Distinguishes between deviations within acceptable limits and those that are not.Analysis helps identify: Whether deviations are due to unrealistic standards or actual performance issues. Taking Corrective Actions: If deviations exceed acceptable limits, corrective actions are necessary:Actions can vary from minor adjustments to complete overhauls of plans or procedures.Corrective measures depend on the nature of the deviation: Can involve changes in strategy, operations, or resource allocation.Feedback Mechanism: The control process is dynamic and incorporates feedback mechanisms:Feedback is used to refine or redefine standards based on the effectiveness of corrective actions.The ongoing process helps in continuously aligning actual performance with organizational goals.Essentials of a Good Control System Suitability: Controls must be suitable and tailored for different units or departments.Flexibility: A good control system must possess flexibility to adapt to changes.Immediate Reporting of Deviations: Control systems should include mechanisms for immediate reporting of deviations.Forward Looking: Control systems should prevent future deviations.Identification of Significant Deviations: Must differentiate between minor and significant deviations.Defined Standards: Effective control is based on welldefined and attainable standards.Costeffectiveness: Should be economically viable and offer a good return on investment.Simplicity and Objectivity: Should be simple to understand and perceived as fair and objective.Allows Corrective Actions: Should enable efficient corrective actions upon detecting deviations.Timeliness: Should provide timely feedback for immediate corrective measures. Focus on Critical Points: Should be implemented selectively at critical points.Accurate and Measurable Data: Data used for control purposes should be accurate, objective, and measurable.Types and Techniques of Control in Management:Types of ControlFeed Forward Control: Implemented beforethe process begins to prevent anticipated problems.