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www.gyaniversity.com85MMPC001: Management Functions and Organisational ProcessesBriefly discuss the necessity of planning function in an organization. Describe the process and steps involved in planning for an organization.motivations. Effective planning harmonizes these diverse elements by establishing common goals and procedures. This unity of action fosters better cooperation among departments and enhances coordination between various levels of management. By integrating the efforts of top, middle, and lower management, planning ensures that all parts of the organization move towards a common objective.One of the most significant aspects of planning is its predictive nature. Through careful forecasting, managers can anticipate future trends and conditionsbe it market demands, technological changes, or economic fluctuations. However, planning goes beyond mere prediction; it involves preparing detailed strategies and tactical plans to achieve desired targets. For instance, if forecasting suggests a future shortage of resources, planning can prompt the organization to conserve resources or find alternative sources. This forward-thinking approach not only prepares the organization for potential disruptions but also empowers it to seize new opportunities as they arise.The planning process is a systematic and sequential activity that typically involves several key steps:Setting Up Organizational Objectives: The first step in the planning process is to identify and define the goals of the organization. These objectives are typically framed in clear, precise, and measurable terms. They serve as the foundation for all subsequent planning and decision-making processes. Objectives might include targets like increasing production, improving customer satisfaction, or enhancing market share.Developing Planning Premises:Once goals are established, managers need to develop planning premises. This involves making assumptions about future conditions ranging from external factors like economic and technological trends to internal considerations such as resource availability and organizational policies. These premises form the basis for forecasting and influence the strategies that are later adopted.Identification of Alternative Courses of Action: With objectives and premises in place, the next step involves brainstorming and listing all possible alternatives that can help achieve the defined goals. It is crucial to consider a wide range of options so that a comprehensive analysis can be undertaken, ensuring that the best course of action is identified.Evaluating Alternative Courses of Action: Each alternative is then evaluated based on criteria such as feasibility, cost-effectiveness, resource requirements, and